THE BOOK OF Ruth

Introduction

By Johnny Tatum

The primary purpose of the book of Ruth is to present the simple picture of GOD'S Love: Messiah Jesus Redeemed Us Because He Loves Us.


PART 1: BACKGROUND TO THE BOOK OF RUTH


 

GOD'S GREAT LOVE

The book of Ruth is the greatest book in the Bible to show GOD'S Love. Some scholars say the Song of Solomon is the book that best shows the Love of GOD, but I believe the book of Ruth is.

Do you know what is ironic? It is the only book in the Bible where the word love never appears. It is similar to the book of Esther, the classic book on the sovereignty of GOD, in which the word GOD never appears.

GOD'S love is the greatest, and yet the word love never appears. Obviously, that was intentional to show:

Love Is Not Words

To GOD, love is not just words:

Love Is Relationships

And whenever GOD loves somebody, He does something:

GOD Redeems the Person

GOD does not separate Love and Redemption. He does not have warm, nostalgic feelings — when GOD loves somebody, He does something! And since words to GOD are not very important, you can know:

Whenever the Bible talks about Love, it means GOD'S Redemption.

 

RUTH: A NICE BOOK or AN IMPORTANT BOOK?

The importance of the book of Ruth is that redemption and love are combined in it better than any other book in the Bible.

Since redemption is the theme of every book in the Bible, there are many technical details we can learn about redemption throughout the Bible. In fact, there are many biblical passages that talk about redemption, particularly those concerning the sacrificial system in the Tabernacle, and in the epistles (twenty-one written messages in the New Testament).

Undoubtedly, Exodus is the best book in the Bible about redemption, and the New Testament presents the different theological vantages of redemption.

In Ruth, however, there are not the technical details of redemption. Instead, the book focuses on:

The very, simple picture of GOD'S Redeeming Love

Interestingly enough, we do not think of the book of Ruth as being very important. We tend to think of it as a nice, little book. However, to the Jews, it has always been extremely important, particularly during Shavuot/Pentecost.

 

SHAVUOT/PENTECOST

Traditional observances of this [early harvest] feast include reading and studying portions of the Torah (Mosaic Law). The Scripture readings are Exodus 19 and 20 (Giving of the Law) and Ezekiel 1 (Ezekiel's vision of GOD'S glory). Additionally, since the time the book of Ruth was written:

The book of Ruth is read in its entirety at Shavuot/Pentecost

You would think that of all the books for the Jews to read during this feast, the book of Ruth would not be the one. What is fascinating is that most Jews miss the significance of what they [themselves] are doing.

 


Historical Background:

SHAVUOT/PENTECOST: MOSAIC LAW OBSERVANCE

This holy day commemorates the anniversary of GOD giving Moses the Law to deliver the people. Rabbinical Judaism includes celebrating GOD giving the complete Torah (oral and written Laws) to Moses on Mount Sinai.

The Law concerning Shavuot (Hebrew, meaning "weeks")/Pentecost (Greek, meaning "fiftieth") is presented in the book of Leviticus:

You shall also count for yourselves form the day after the Sabbath, from the day when you brought in the sheaf of the wave offering; there shall be seven complete Sabbaths. You shall count fifty days to the day after the seventh Sabbath; then you shall present a new grain offering to the Lord. You shall bring in from your dwelling places two loaves of bread for a wave offering, made of two-tenths of an ephah; they shall be of fine flour, baked with leaven as first fruits to the Lord. Along with the bread you shall present seven one year old male lambs without defect, and a bull of the herd and two rams they are to be burnt offering to the Lord, with their grain offering and their drink offerings, an offering by fire of a soothing aroma to the Lord. You shall also offer one male goat for a sin offering and two male lambs one year old for a sacrifice of peace offerings. The priest shall then wave them with the bread of the first fruits for a wave offering with tow lambs before the Lord for the priest. On this same day you shall make a proclamation as well; you are to have a holy convocation. You shall do no laborious work. It is to be a perpetual statute in all your dwelling places throughout your generations. (Leviticus 23:15-21)

Two loaves of bread were offered to GOD in the Temple, showing GOD'S provision for His people. In addition, sacrifices were made for the worshipper's atonement, along with burnt, grain, drink, sin and peace offerings.

 

PENTECOST: NEW COVENANT OBSERVANCE

The early harvest feast was fulfilled when Holy Spirit came at Pentecost (see Acts 2):

When the day of Pentecost had come, they were all together in one place. And suddenly there came from heaven a noise like a violent rushing wind, and it filled the whole house where they were sitting. And there appeared to them tongues as of fire distributing themselves, and they rested on each one of them. And they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit was giving them utterance. Now there were Jews living in Jerusalem, devout men from every nation under heaven. And when this sound occurred, the crowd came together, and were bewildered because they were each one hearing them speak in his own language. They were amazed and astonished, saying, "Why, are not all these who are speaking Galileans? And how is it that we each hear in our own language to which we were born? Parthians and Medes and Elamites, and residents of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia, Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and the districts of Libya around Cyrene, and visitors from Rome, both Jews and proselytes, Cretans and Arabs —we hear them in our own tongues speaking of the mighty deeds of God." And they all continued in amazement and great perplexity, saying to one another, "What does this mean?" But others were mocking and saying, "They are full of sweet wine." (Acts 2:1-13)

This was a transition between two dispensations:

  1. The end of the Age of Law.
  2. The beginning of the Age of Grace.


 

GRACE TRIUMPHS OVER LAW

The case has always been that Grace triumphs over Law.

For 1,400 years, GOD wanted His people to use Grace to triumph over the Law, and for about 1,400 years they never caught on. Therefore:

GOD stepped in and He forcefully ended the period of Law to bring in Grace.

That is why the Jews unwittingly read the book of Ruth at Pentecost, because it is:

A triumph of Grace over Law!

Why?

The Law condemned Ruth, because she was a Moabitess:

No Ammonite or Moabite shall enter the assembly of the Lord; none of their descendants even to the tenth generation, shall ever enter the assembly of the Lord. Because they did not meet you with food and water on the way when you came out of Egypt, and because they hired against you Balaam the son of Beor from Pethor of Mesopotamia, to curse you. Nevertheless, the Lord your God was not willing to listen to Balaam, but the Lord your God turned the curse into a blessing for you because the Lord your God loves you. You shall never seek their peace or their prosperity all your days. (Deuteronomy 23:2-6)

Accordingly, no [Ammonite or] Moabite could even be a part of the congregation of Israel. The Israelites could not marry a Moabite. In fact, even if a Moabite tried to come into the congregation, that individual was not to be assimilated in.

However, Ruth came in because of Grace, because somebody (Boaz) loved her.

Boaz did not love Ruth by saying I love you [and spelling it L-U-V -sic!]; Boaz loved Ruth, but he did something:

Boaz redeemed Ruth because of Grace

Boaz and Ruth were living in the time of Law; so what about the Law?

Grace triumphs over Law

 


Illustration:

THE TABERNACLE

This is similar to all the Laws and rules associated with the Tabernacle.

For example, nobody could go into the Holy of Holies in the Tabernacle unless he was the high priest, and the high priest could enter only once a year. However, an individual could enter the Holy of Holies on the basis of Grace, because Grace triumphs over Law! It has always been that way.


 

GRACE RECEIVED BY FAITH

Boaz provided grace, and Ruth received that grace by faith.

Application: Is that not the way of everything that GOD has for His creation, human beings? It was not just our redemption (salvation). Everything He wants His human beings to have, He offers on the basis of grace, and then we receive it by faith.

Picture: Joseph and Boaz are equally the best picture of Messiah Jesus in the Bible. Joseph is a classic picture of the suffering servant who is exalted. But if we just have Joseph, then we would not see the love aspect. However, when we talk about Messiah Jesus, in the aspect of the One who Love Us and Redeemed Us, then that was Boaz.

 

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GOD LOVING AND GOD REDEEMING

There is always a relationship between Loving and Redeeming. There is not anybody that GOD loves that He does not redeem:

Everybody GOD Loves, GOD Redeems

If we did not have the book of Ruth, we would think that redemption was technical. It would be cold and there would not be a personal element to redemption. We might think that redemption was limited to GOD defeating Satan or GOD having victory over death.

However, with the book of Ruth, we know the reason GOD redeemed us was because there was a personal relationship that He had for us through Messiah Jesus, the SON OF GOD.

He redeemed us because He loves us and He did not want us to be where we were.

 


An Analogy

GOD LOVES US

We have heard the analogy that the redeemed were purchased out of the slave market. Paul tells us:

For he who was a slave when he was called by the Lord is the Lord's freeman; similarly, he who was a free man when he was called is Messiah's slave. You were bought at a price; do not become slaves of men. (1 Corinthians 7:22-23)

Even though it was impossible, GOD found a way to redeem those that He loves. And that is good to understand; however, the primary part of GOD'S redemption is:

GOD Loves Us!

 

That is what we are going to see in the book of Ruth: The Kind of Love that Redeems Us.

 


Next:

Ruth Introduction: Part 2: A JEWEL SHINING AGAINST DARKNESS

Back To: Ruth Series Page

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We express our deepest appreciation to Mitchell and Dawn Kolodin for their excellent work in transcribing and editing this entire Ruth study.


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